{"id":3260,"count":2,"description":"<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Evol\u00faci\u00f3s m\u00falt:<\/strong> A szkinkf\u00e9l\u00e9k (Scincidae) a gy\u00edkok egyik legnagyobb \u00e9s legsikeresebb evol\u00faci\u00f3s csal\u00e1dj\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k. T\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00fck m\u00e9lyen a kr\u00e9ta id\u0151szakba ny\u00falik vissza: egy mintegy 99 milli\u00f3 \u00e9ves mianmari borosty\u00e1nban fennmaradt szkink m\u00e1r a mai fajokra jellemz\u0151, egym\u00e1st \u00e1tfed\u0151 pikkelyeket \u00e9s az alattuk elhelyezked\u0151 \u00f6sszetett csontlemezeket, \u00fagynevezett oszteoderm\u00e1kat viselt. Ez a <strong>rugalmas \u201eb\u0151rp\u00e1nc\u00e9l\u201d<\/strong> m\u00e1r a dinoszauruszok kor\u00e1ban is jelen volt a csoportban. A szkinkek k\u00e9s\u0151bb a F\u00f6ld rendk\u00edv\u00fcl sokf\u00e9le \u00e9l\u0151hely\u00e9t megh\u00f3d\u00edtott\u00e1k: k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen nagy v\u00e1ltozatoss\u00e1gban \u00e9lnek Ausztr\u00e1li\u00e1ban, \u00daj-Guine\u00e1ban, D\u00e9lkelet-\u00c1zsi\u00e1ban, \u00d3ce\u00e1ni\u00e1ban, Madagaszk\u00e1ron \u00e9s Afrik\u00e1ban.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Kin\u00e9zet \u00e9s \u00e9letm\u00f3d:<\/strong> Sok szkinket sima, f\u00e9nyes, egym\u00e1st fed\u0151 pikkelyeir\u0151l \u00e9s megny\u00falt test\u00e9r\u0151l lehet felismerni, de testfel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck rendk\u00edv\u00fcl v\u00e1ltozatos. Az evol\u00faci\u00f3 sor\u00e1n a v\u00e9gtagok cs\u00f6kev\u00e9nyesed\u00e9se vagy teljes elveszt\u00e9se <strong>t\u00f6bb mint \u00f6tvenszer, egym\u00e1st\u00f3l f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl<\/strong> alakult ki a csal\u00e1dban \u2013 val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r, mint b\u00e1rmely m\u00e1s n\u00e9gyl\u00e1b\u00fa gerinces csoportban. Szaporod\u00e1suk legal\u00e1bb ilyen k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges: toj\u00e1srak\u00f3 \u00e9s elevensz\u00fcl\u0151 fajokat egyar\u00e1nt tal\u00e1lunk k\u00f6z\u00f6tt\u00fck, az elevensz\u00fcl\u00e9s pedig sz\u00e1mos evol\u00faci\u00f3s vonalon egym\u00e1st\u00f3l f\u00fcggetlen\u00fcl jelent meg. Egyes szkinkekn\u00e9l az anya \u00e9s az embri\u00f3 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti t\u00e1panyag\u00e1tad\u00e1s olyan \u00f6sszetett m\u00e9hlep\u00e9nyszer\u0171 rendszerrel t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik, amely m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9ben meglep\u0151 p\u00e1rhuzamot mutat az eml\u0151s\u00f6k placent\u00e1j\u00e1val. \u00c9s akad m\u00e9g k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sebb megold\u00e1s is: n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00faj-guineai szkink v\u00e9r\u00e9nek \u00e9s sz\u00f6veteinek <strong>\u00e9l\u00e9nkz\u00f6ld sz\u00edn\u00e9t a biliverdin nev\u0171 epefest\u00e9k rendk\u00edv\u00fcl magas koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ja adja<\/strong>.<\/p>\r\n<strong>\u00d6kol\u00f3giai szerep:<\/strong> A szkinkek t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge akt\u00edvan keresg\u00e9l\u0151 ragadoz\u00f3, amely rovarokat, p\u00f3kszab\u00e1s\u00faakat \u00e9s m\u00e1s kisebb \u00e1llatokat fogyaszt, de mindenev\u0151 \u00e9s n\u00f6v\u00e9nyev\u0151 fajok is kialakultak. Fontos r\u00e9szei a talajszint, az avar \u00e9s m\u00e1s sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldi mikro\u00e9l\u0151helyek t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kh\u00e1l\u00f3zatainak, mik\u00f6zben maguk is sz\u00e1mos mad\u00e1r, k\u00edgy\u00f3 \u00e9s eml\u0151s zs\u00e1km\u00e1nyai. A Scincidae csal\u00e1db\u00f3l ma m\u00e1r <strong>t\u00f6bb mint 1800 \u00e9l\u0151 fajt<\/strong> ismer\u00fcnk, \u00edgy a szkinkek a gy\u00edkok fajokban leggazdagabb csoportjai k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartoznak. Sok szigeti \u00e9s kis elterjed\u00e9s\u0171 fajuk azonban k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen \u00e9rz\u00e9keny az \u00e9l\u0151helyek pusztul\u00e1s\u00e1ra \u00e9s feldarabol\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1ra, valamint az ember \u00e1ltal behurcolt ragadoz\u00f3kra. Meg\u0151rz\u00e9s\u00fckben ez\u00e9rt a term\u00e9szetes \u00e9l\u0151helyek v\u00e9delme mellett a felel\u0151s, dokument\u00e1lt eredet\u0171 terrarisztikai \u00e1llom\u00e1nyoknak is fontos szerep jut.","link":"https:\/\/terraplaza.com\/magazin\/hu\/category\/hullok\/gyikok\/szkinkek\/","name":"Szkinkek","slug":"szkinkek","taxonomy":"category","parent":287,"meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Szkinkek Arch\u00edvum &#8211; TerraPlaza magazin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Szkinkek: evol\u00faci\u00f3, fajismeret, viselked\u00e9s \u00e9s term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delem. 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