{"id":3268,"count":2,"description":"<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Evol\u00faci\u00f3s m\u00falt:<\/strong> A szkinkalak\u00faak (Scincoidea) a pikkelyes h\u00fcll\u0151k egyik \u0151si \u00e9s j\u00f3l elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fcl\u0151 evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00e1g\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k. N\u00e9gy ma \u00e9l\u0151 csal\u00e1d tartozik ide: a szkinkf\u00e9l\u00e9k (Scincidae), a Cordylidae, a Gerrhosauridae \u00e9s az \u00e9jjeligy\u00edkf\u00e9l\u00e9k (Xantusiidae). Evol\u00faci\u00f3s gy\u00f6kereik legal\u00e1bb a jura id\u0151szakig vezethet\u0151k vissza, a modern Scincoidea f\u0151 vonalai pedig m\u00e1r t\u00f6bb mint 130 milli\u00f3 \u00e9ve elkezdtek elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fclni egym\u00e1st\u00f3l. Mai elterjed\u00e9s\u00fck rendk\u00edv\u00fcl sz\u00e9les: a szkinkek a vil\u00e1g nagy r\u00e9sz\u00e9n megtal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, m\u00edg a Cordylidae \u00e9s Gerrhosauridae els\u0151sorban Afrik\u00e1hoz \u00e9s Madagaszk\u00e1rhoz, az \u00e9jjeligy\u00edkok pedig Amerik\u00e1hoz k\u00f6t\u0151dnek.<\/p>\r\n<p class=\"isSelectedEnd\"><strong>Kin\u00e9zet \u00e9s \u00e9letm\u00f3d:<\/strong> A szkinkalak\u00faak megjelen\u00e9se meglep\u0151en v\u00e1ltozatos. Ide tartoznak a sima, f\u00e9nyes pikkely\u0171, gyakran megny\u00falt test\u0171 szkinkek, de a vastag, t\u00fcsk\u00e9s pikkelyekkel \u00e9s er\u0151s b\u0151rcsontokkal v\u00e9dett fajok is. Az \u00fagynevezett <strong>oszteoderm\u00e1k \u2013 a b\u0151rben kialakul\u00f3 apr\u00f3 csontlemezek \u2013 val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg m\u00e1r a csoport korai \u0151sein\u00e9l jelen voltak<\/strong>, \u00e9s t\u00f6bb mai csal\u00e1dban is fontos r\u00e9sz\u00e9t alkotj\u00e1k a test v\u00e9delm\u00e9nek; az \u00e9jjeligy\u00edkokn\u00e1l feltehet\u0151en m\u00e1sodlagosan t\u0171ntek el. A v\u00e9gtagok cs\u00f6kev\u00e9nyesed\u00e9se \u00e9s elveszt\u00e9se k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a szkinkek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt alakult ki \u00fajra \u00e9s \u00fajra, \u00edgy a klasszikus n\u00e9gyl\u00e1b\u00fa gy\u00edkalakt\u00f3l eg\u00e9szen a szinte k\u00edgy\u00f3szer\u0171 testform\u00e1ig tal\u00e1lunk p\u00e9ld\u00e1kat. M\u00e1s vonalak eg\u00e9szen m\u00e1s v\u00e9dekez\u00e9si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1t fejlesztettek ki: a d\u00e9l-afrikai <em>Ouroborus cataphractus<\/em> p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul vesz\u00e9ly eset\u00e9n <strong>saj\u00e1t fark\u00e1ba harapva gy\u0171r\u0171v\u00e9 g\u00f6rb\u00edti test\u00e9t<\/strong>, \u00e9s t\u00fcsk\u00e9s p\u00e1nc\u00e9lj\u00e1t ford\u00edtja a t\u00e1mad\u00f3 fel\u00e9.<\/p>\r\n<strong>\u00d6kol\u00f3giai szerep:<\/strong> A szkinkalak\u00faak a talajfelsz\u00ednt\u0151l \u00e9s az avart\u00f3l a szikl\u00e1s hegyoldalakon \u00e1t a f\u00e1k lombkoron\u00e1j\u00e1ig sz\u00e1mtalan \u00e9l\u0151helyet ben\u00e9pes\u00edtettek. Sok faj rovarokat, p\u00f3kszab\u00e1s\u00faakat \u00e9s m\u00e1s kisebb gerincteleneket fogyaszt, de mindenev\u0151 \u00e9s n\u00f6v\u00e9nyi t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kot is hasznos\u00edt\u00f3 fajok is kialakultak. Ragadoz\u00f3k\u00e9nt fontos szerepet t\u00f6ltenek be a gerinctelen-popul\u00e1ci\u00f3k szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1ban, mik\u00f6zben madarak, k\u00edgy\u00f3k \u00e9s eml\u0151s\u00f6k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra maguk is jelent\u0151s zs\u00e1km\u00e1ny\u00e1llatok. A Scincoidea ma <strong>k\u00f6zel k\u00e9tezer ismert fajt<\/strong> foglal mag\u00e1ban, amelyek t\u00falnyom\u00f3 t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge a szkinkf\u00e9l\u00e9khez tartozik. Sz\u00e1mos faj igen kis elterjed\u00e9si ter\u00fclethez, szigetekhez, hegyvid\u00e9kekhez vagy speci\u00e1lis mikro\u00e9l\u0151helyekhez k\u00f6t\u0151dik, ez\u00e9rt az \u00e9l\u0151helyek \u00e1talakul\u00e1sa, az inv\u00e1zi\u00f3s fajok \u00e9s egyes esetekben a vadbefog\u00e1s k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen \u00e9rz\u00e9kenyen \u00e9rintheti popul\u00e1ci\u00f3ikat.","link":"https:\/\/terraplaza.com\/magazin\/hu\/category\/hullok\/pikkelyes-hullok\/szkinkalakuak\/","name":"Szkinkalak\u00faak","slug":"szkinkalakuak","taxonomy":"category","parent":3264,"meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Szkinkalak\u00faak &#8211; TerraPlaza magazin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Szkinkalak\u00faak: evol\u00faci\u00f3, fajismeret, viselked\u00e9s \u00e9s term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delem. 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