{"id":3298,"count":2,"description":"<p class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-start=\"524\" data-end=\"1304\"><strong data-start=\"524\" data-end=\"543\">Evol\u00faci\u00f3s m\u00falt:<\/strong> A gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k (Gekkonidae) a gekk\u00f3k legfajgazdagabb csal\u00e1dj\u00e1t alkotj\u00e1k, amelynek evol\u00faci\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete m\u00e9lyen a dinoszauruszok kor\u00e1ba ny\u00falik vissza. A csal\u00e1d legkor\u00e1bbi nagy lesz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1si vonalai m\u00e1r a k\u00e9s\u0151 kr\u00e9ta id\u0151szakban, nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l <strong data-start=\"775\" data-end=\"802\">90 milli\u00f3 \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt<\/strong> kezdtek elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fclni egym\u00e1st\u00f3l; az egyik leg\u0151sibb el\u00e1gaz\u00e1s az afrikai\u2013madagaszk\u00e1ri \u00e9s az \u00e1zsiai vonalakat v\u00e1lasztotta sz\u00e9t. Az\u00f3ta a gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k a tr\u00f3pusi \u00e9s szubtr\u00f3pusi ter\u00fcletek szinte valamennyi nagyobb sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldi r\u00e9gi\u00f3j\u00e1t \u00e9s sz\u00e1mtalan \u00f3ce\u00e1ni szigetet ben\u00e9pes\u00edtettek. Ma ide tartoznak t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt a tokaji gekk\u00f3k (<em data-start=\"1120\" data-end=\"1127\">Gekko<\/em>), h\u00e1zigekk\u00f3k (<em data-start=\"1142\" data-end=\"1156\">Hemidactylus<\/em>), nappali gekk\u00f3k (<em data-start=\"1175\" data-end=\"1185\">Phelsuma<\/em>), hajlottujj\u00fa gekk\u00f3k (<em data-start=\"1208\" data-end=\"1223\">Cyrtodactylus<\/em>) \u00e9s sz\u00e1mos kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 ismert evol\u00faci\u00f3s vonal.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"1306\" data-end=\"2389\"><strong data-start=\"1306\" data-end=\"1329\">Kin\u00e9zet \u00e9s \u00e9letm\u00f3d:<\/strong> A gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k t\u00f6bbs\u00e9g\u00e9nek nincs mozgathat\u00f3 szemh\u00e9ja: szem\u00fcket \u00e1lland\u00f3, \u00e1tl\u00e1tsz\u00f3 szemfed\u0151 pikkely v\u00e9di. Sok faj l\u00e1bujjain a gekk\u00f3kr\u00f3l h\u00edress\u00e9 v\u00e1lt tapad\u00f3rendszer alakult ki, amelyben mikroszkopikus <strong data-start=\"1526\" data-end=\"1602\">set\u00e1k milli\u00f3i m\u00e9g kisebb, lap\u00e1tszer\u0171 v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00e9sekre - spatul\u00e1kra - \u00e1gaznak<\/strong>. Ezek rendk\u00edv\u00fcl k\u00f6zel ker\u00fclnek a felsz\u00ednhez, \u00e9s molekul\u00e1ris vonz\u00f3er\u0151k seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel teszik lehet\u0151v\u00e9 a kapaszkod\u00e1st ak\u00e1r sima falon vagy mennyezeten is. Nem minden Gekkonidae rendelkezik azonban ilyen tapad\u00f3p\u00e1rn\u00e1kkal: a talajlak\u00f3 \u00e9letm\u00f3dhoz alkalmazkodott vonalak egy r\u00e9sz\u00e9n\u00e9l hi\u00e1nyoznak vagy er\u0151sen m\u00f3dosultak. A csal\u00e1d m\u00e1sik k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9ge az <strong data-start=\"1984\" data-end=\"2011\">akusztikus kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/strong>. A gekk\u00f3k a gy\u00edkok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szokatlanul fejlett hangad\u00e1sra k\u00e9pesek; a tokee gekk\u00f3 (<em data-start=\"2094\" data-end=\"2107\">Gekko gecko<\/em>) p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul p\u00e1rkeres\u00e9s \u00e9s ter\u00fcletv\u00e9delem sor\u00e1n hangos, \u00f6sszetett h\u00edv\u00e1sokat haszn\u00e1l, s\u0151t h\u00e1tt\u00e9rzajban k\u00e9pes megv\u00e1ltoztatni h\u00edv\u00e1sainak szerkezet\u00e9t. Maga a \u201etokay\u201d \u00e9s a \u201egecko\u201d elnevez\u00e9s is e jellegzetes hangok hangut\u00e1nz\u00f3 \u00e9rtelmez\u00e9s\u00e9hez kapcsol\u00f3dik.<\/p>\r\n<p data-start=\"2391\" data-end=\"3771\"><strong data-start=\"2391\" data-end=\"2412\">\u00d6kol\u00f3giai szerep:<\/strong> A gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge rovarokat, p\u00f3kokat \u00e9s m\u00e1s kisebb gerincteleneket fogyaszt\u00f3 ragadoz\u00f3, ez\u00e9rt term\u00e9szetes \u00e9s emberk\u00f6zeli \u00e9l\u0151helyeken egyar\u00e1nt fontos r\u00e9szei a t\u00e1pl\u00e1l\u00e9kh\u00e1l\u00f3zatoknak. Egyes <em data-start=\"2602\" data-end=\"2616\">Hemidactylus<\/em> fajok k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen sikeresen alkalmazkodtak az \u00e9p\u00edtett k\u00f6rnyezethez, \u00e9s az ember k\u00f6zvet\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel a vil\u00e1g t\u00e1voli vid\u00e9keire \u00e9s szigeteire is eljutottak. M\u00e1s fajok eg\u00e9szen elt\u00e9r\u0151 \u00f6kol\u00f3giai szerepet t\u00f6ltenek be: az Indiai-\u00f3ce\u00e1n szigetein \u00e9l\u0151 nappali gekk\u00f3k (<em data-start=\"2867\" data-end=\"2877\">Phelsuma<\/em>) nekt\u00e1rt \u00e9s gy\u00fcm\u00f6lcs\u00f6t is fogyasztanak, \u00e9s <strong data-start=\"2921\" data-end=\"2990\">egyes n\u00f6v\u00e9nyfajok fontos beporz\u00f3i, illetve magterjeszt\u0151i lehetnek<\/strong>. Mauritiuson olyan n\u00f6v\u00e9ny\u2013gekk\u00f3 kapcsolatok is kialakultak, amelyekben a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek sz\u00ednes nekt\u00e1rja kifejezetten vonz\u00f3 jelz\u00e9sk\u00e9nt m\u0171k\u00f6dik a nappali gekk\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A csal\u00e1d szaporod\u00e1si strat\u00e9gi\u00e1i k\u00f6z\u00f6tt is akad sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9ges p\u00e9lda: a gy\u00e1szgekk\u00f3 (<em data-start=\"3271\" data-end=\"3296\">Lepidodactylus lugubris<\/em>) popul\u00e1ci\u00f3inak jelent\u0151s r\u00e9sze <strong data-start=\"3327\" data-end=\"3405\">szinte kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag n\u0151st\u00e9nyekb\u0151l \u00e1ll\u00f3, sz\u0171znemz\u00e9ssel szaporod\u00f3 kl\u00f3nvonalakb\u00f3l<\/strong> \u00e1ll, amelyek evol\u00faci\u00f3s eredet\u00e9ben fajok k\u00f6z\u00f6tti hibridiz\u00e1ci\u00f3 is szerepet j\u00e1tszott. A tudom\u00e1ny ma m\u00e1r <strong data-start=\"3545\" data-end=\"3583\">t\u00f6bb mint 1700 \u00e9l\u0151 Gekkonidae-fajt<\/strong> tart sz\u00e1mon, mik\u00f6zben \u00faj fajok \u2013 k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen \u00c1zsia \u00e9s a tr\u00f3pusi szigetvil\u00e1g kev\u00e9ss\u00e9 kutatott ter\u00fcleteir\u0151l \u2013 tov\u00e1bbra is rendszeresen ker\u00fclnek le\u00edr\u00e1sra.<\/p>","link":"https:\/\/terraplaza.com\/magazin\/hu\/category\/hullok\/pikkelyes-hullok\/gekkok\/gekkofelek\/","name":"Gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k","slug":"gekkofelek","taxonomy":"category","parent":942,"meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k &#8211; TerraPlaza magazin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gekk\u00f3f\u00e9l\u00e9k: evol\u00faci\u00f3, fajismeret \u00e9s term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delem. 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