{"id":6884,"date":"2026-07-09T15:26:29","date_gmt":"2026-07-09T13:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/terraplaza.com\/magazin\/?p=6884"},"modified":"2026-07-10T11:34:35","modified_gmt":"2026-07-10T09:34:35","slug":"borneoi-suketgyik-lanthanotus-borneensis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/terraplaza.com\/magazin\/hu\/hullok-hu\/borneoi-suketgyik-lanthanotus-borneensis\/6884\/","title":{"rendered":"Borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk – a h\u00fcll\u0151vil\u00e1g titokzatos k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9ge"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk, tudom\u00e1nyos nev\u00e9n\u00a0Lanthanotus borneensis<\/em>, a h\u00fcll\u0151k vil\u00e1g\u00e1nak egyik legk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sebb \u00e9s legkev\u00e9sb\u00e9 ismert faja. \u0150si, p\u00e1nc\u00e9lozott megjelen\u00e9se, rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u0151 \u00e9letm\u00f3dja \u00e9s ritkas\u00e1ga miatt gyakran a herpetol\u00f3gia egyik igazi k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9gek\u00e9nt emlegetik. Olyan \u00e1llat, amely els\u0151 pillant\u00e1sra mintha egy apr\u00f3, v\u00edzparti s\u00e1rk\u00e1ny lenne, val\u00f3j\u00e1ban azonban egy rendk\u00edv\u00fcl \u00e9rdekes evol\u00faci\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net \u00e9l\u0151 k\u00e9pvisel\u0151je.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

A faj Borne\u00f3 sziget\u00e9n \u0151shonos, \u00e9s a Lanthanotidae<\/em> csal\u00e1d egyetlen ma \u00e9l\u0151 tagja. Ez \u00f6nmag\u00e1ban is k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9 teszi: nem egy nagy, sok fajb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 \u00e1llatcsoport egyik ismert k\u00e9pvisel\u0151j\u00e9r\u0151l van sz\u00f3, hanem egy \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 fejl\u0151d\u00e9si vonal utols\u00f3 ma \u00e9l\u0151 faj\u00e1r\u00f3l. Tudom\u00e1nyos \u00e9s term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delmi szempontb\u00f3l ez\u00e9rt kiemelten \u00e9rt\u00e9kes h\u00fcll\u0151.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Egy \u201erejtett f\u00fcl\u0171\u201d gy\u00edk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk neve els\u0151re f\u00e9lrevezet\u0151 lehet. Nem arr\u00f3l van sz\u00f3, hogy az \u00e1llat val\u00f3ban s\u00fcket lenne, hanem arr\u00f3l, hogy nincs k\u00edv\u00fclr\u0151l l\u00e1that\u00f3 f\u00fclny\u00edl\u00e1sa. A Lanthanotus<\/em> nemzets\u00e9gn\u00e9v jelent\u00e9se is erre utal: nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l \u201erejtett f\u00fcl\u0171k\u00e9nt\u201d ford\u00edthat\u00f3. A borneensis<\/em> fajn\u00e9v pedig Borne\u00f3ra, a faj term\u00e9szetes el\u0151fordul\u00e1si ter\u00fclet\u00e9re utal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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A hangokat \u00e9s rezg\u00e9seket \u00e9rz\u00e9keli, de k\u00fclsej\u00e9n nincsenek meg azok a f\u00fclre utal\u00f3 k\u00fcls\u0151 b\u00e9lyegek, amelyeket sok m\u00e1s gy\u00edkn\u00e1l megszoktunk. Ez a saj\u00e1toss\u00e1g is hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rul k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s titokzatos h\u00edrnev\u00e9hez.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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Fot\u00f3: kuritafsheen.stock.adobe.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fcl\u00f6nleges helye a h\u00fcll\u0151k k\u00f6z\u00f6tt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A fajt 1878-ban \u00edrta le Franz Steindachner. M\u00e1r a felfedez\u00e9sekor nyilv\u00e1nval\u00f3 volt, hogy nem illeszthet\u0151 be egyszer\u0171en a j\u00f3l ismert gy\u00edkcsoportok k\u00f6z\u00e9. Kor\u00e1bban anat\u00f3miai hasonl\u00f3s\u00e1gai miatt m\u00e1s csoportokkal is kapcsolatba hozt\u00e1k, de a modern vizsg\u00e1latok alapj\u00e1n legk\u00f6zelebbi ma \u00e9l\u0151 rokonai a var\u00e1nuszok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ennek ellen\u00e9re a borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk annyira elk\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fclt fejl\u0151d\u00e9si vonalat k\u00e9pvisel, hogy a legt\u00f6bb szakember tov\u00e1bbra is \u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 csal\u00e1dk\u00e9nt kezeli. Emiatt gyakran ker\u00fcl sz\u00f3ba \u201e\u00e9l\u0151 k\u00f6v\u00fcletk\u00e9nt\u201d is. Ez nem azt jelenti, hogy v\u00e1ltozatlan maradt volna az id\u0151k sor\u00e1n, hanem azt, hogy egy r\u00e9gi evol\u00faci\u00f3s \u00e1g egyetlen ma \u00e9l\u0151 k\u00e9pvisel\u0151je.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Borne\u00f3 rejtett lak\u00f3ja<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag Borne\u00f3 sziget\u00e9n fordul el\u0151. Ismert \u00e9l\u0151helyei a sziget \u00e9szaki r\u00e9sz\u00e9hez k\u00f6t\u0151dnek, t\u00f6bbek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt Sarawak, Kalimantan egyes ter\u00fcletei \u00e9s Brunei vid\u00e9k\u00e9hez. Rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u0151 \u00e9letm\u00f3dja miatt sok\u00e1ig rendk\u00edv\u00fcl ritk\u00e1nak tartott\u00e1k, \u00e9s ma is neh\u00e9z pontos k\u00e9pet alkotni arr\u00f3l, mekkora \u00e1llom\u00e1nyai \u00e9lnek a term\u00e9szetben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Forr\u00e1s: https:\/\/www.inaturalist.org\/taxa\/36062-Lanthanotus-borneensis#map-tab<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

A faj els\u0151sorban alacsony fekv\u00e9s\u0171, nedves, tr\u00f3pusi \u00e9l\u0151helyeken tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 meg. K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen a tiszta viz\u0171, k\u00f6ves vagy szikl\u00e1s medr\u0171 patakok \u00e9s mocsaras, v\u00edzparti ter\u00fcletek fontosak sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A s\u0171r\u0171 n\u00f6v\u00e9nyzet, a k\u00f6vek, a korhad\u00f3 fat\u00f6rzsek \u00e9s a v\u00edzparti \u00fcregek mind hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rulnak ahhoz, hogy ez a rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u0151 h\u00fcll\u0151 nappal biztons\u00e1gban maradhasson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e1r els\u0151sorban term\u00e9szetes es\u0151erdei k\u00f6rnyezethez k\u00f6t\u0151dik, egyes megfigyel\u00e9sek szerint \u00e1talak\u00edtott \u00e9l\u0151helyek k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben is el\u0151fordulhat, ha a v\u00edzfoly\u00e1sok, a takar\u00e1s \u00e9s a megfelel\u0151 mikro\u00e9l\u0151helyek megmaradnak. Ez azonban nem jelenti azt, hogy az \u00e9l\u0151helyek pusztul\u00e1sa ne lenne komoly vesz\u00e9ly sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Miniat\u0171r v\u00edzparti \u201es\u00e1rk\u00e1ny\u201d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk k\u00fclseje k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen l\u00e1tv\u00e1nyos. Teste 20\u201330 centim\u00e9ter, hengeres \u00e9s megny\u00falt. Nyaka viszonylag hossz\u00fa, v\u00e9gtagjai r\u00f6videk, de er\u0151s karmokkal rendelkeznek. Mozg\u00e1sa v\u00edzben \u00e9s sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ld\u00f6n is ink\u00e1bb k\u00edgy\u00f3z\u00f3, hull\u00e1mz\u00f3 jelleg\u0171, mintsem gyorsan fut\u00f3 gy\u00edkokra eml\u00e9keztet\u0151.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Test\u00e9t hosszanti sorokba rendez\u0151d\u0151, er\u0151sen bord\u00e1zott pikkelyek bor\u00edtj\u00e1k. Ezek adj\u00e1k azt a p\u00e1nc\u00e9lozott, kiss\u00e9 krokodilszer\u0171 hat\u00e1st, amely miatt sokan \u0151si megjelen\u00e9s\u0171 \u00e1llatk\u00e9nt tekintenek r\u00e1. B\u0151r\u00e9ben csontos lemezk\u00e9k, \u00fagynevezett osteoderm\u00e1k tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k, amelyek tov\u00e1bb er\u0151s\u00edtik ezt a k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges benyom\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Szemei apr\u00f3k, als\u00f3 szemh\u00e9ja f\u00e9lig \u00e1ttetsz\u0151. Ez a v\u00edzi \u00e9letm\u00f3dhoz val\u00f3 alkalmazkod\u00e1sk\u00e9nt is \u00e9rtelmezhet\u0151, hiszen az \u00e1llat sok id\u0151t t\u00f6lthet v\u00edz k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben vagy v\u00edz alatt. Farka kapaszkod\u00e1sra is alkalmas lehet, ami seg\u00edtheti abban, hogy a patakok \u00e1raml\u00e1s\u00e1ban gy\u00f6kerekhez, k\u00f6vekhez vagy m\u00e1s v\u00edz alatti terept\u00e1rgyakhoz r\u00f6gz\u00edtse mag\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Fot\u00f3: DSlight.stock.adobe.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9jszakai \u00e9s rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u0151 \u00e9letm\u00f3d<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk els\u0151sorban \u00e9jszaka akt\u00edv. Nappal t\u00f6bbnyire \u00fcregekben, k\u00f6vek alatt, korhad\u00f3 fat\u00f6rzsek k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben vagy a v\u00edzparti n\u00f6v\u00e9nyzet takar\u00e1s\u00e1ban h\u00faz\u00f3dik meg. Ez a rejtett \u00e9letm\u00f3d az oka annak, hogy a term\u00e9szetben ritk\u00e1n ker\u00fcl szem el\u00e9, \u00e9s sok\u00e1ig nagyon kev\u00e9s megfigyel\u00e9s \u00e1llt rendelkez\u00e9sre r\u00f3la.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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F\u00e9lig v\u00edzi h\u00fcll\u0151: a v\u00edzparton \u00e9s a v\u00edzben egyar\u00e1nt sz\u00edvesen tart\u00f3zkodik. Megfigyel\u00e9sek szerint hosszabb ideig is k\u00e9pes v\u00edz alatt tart\u00f3zkodni, id\u0151nk\u00e9nt csak az orr\u00e1t emelve a felsz\u00edn f\u00f6l\u00e9 leveg\u0151v\u00e9telhez. Ez a viselked\u00e9s tov\u00e1bb er\u0151s\u00edti k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9g\u00e9t, hiszen nem egyszer\u0171en v\u00edz k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben \u00e9l\u0151 gy\u00edkr\u00f3l van sz\u00f3, hanem olyan fajr\u00f3l, amelynek \u00e9letm\u00f3dj\u00e1ban a v\u00edzi k\u00f6rnyezet meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 szerepet j\u00e1tszik.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Mit eszik a borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk?<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

A faj t\u00e1pl\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sa szorosan kapcsol\u00f3dik nedves, v\u00edzparti \u00e9l\u0151helyeihez. Term\u00e9szetes \u00e9trendj\u00e9ben f\u00f6ldigiliszt\u00e1k, kisebb halak, r\u00e1kf\u00e9l\u00e9k \u00e9s m\u00e1s v\u00edzi vagy v\u00edzk\u00f6zeli zs\u00e1km\u00e1ny\u00e1llatok szerepelhetnek. K\u00fcl\u00f6n \u00e9rdekess\u00e9g, hogy a borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk v\u00edz alatt is k\u00e9pes lenyelni a zs\u00e1km\u00e1nyt. Ez a gy\u00edkok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szokatlan tulajdons\u00e1g, \u00e9s j\u00f3l mutatja, mennyire szorosan alkalmazkodott a v\u00edzi k\u00f6rnyezethez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vesz\u00e9lyeztetett k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9g<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>
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A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk az IUCN V\u00f6r\u00f6s List\u00e1j\u00e1n vesz\u00e9lyeztetett kateg\u00f3ri\u00e1ba tartozik<\/strong>, ami azt jelzi, hogy a faj a k\u00f6zelj\u00f6v\u0151ben komoly kihal\u00e1si kock\u00e1zatnak lehet kit\u00e9ve, ha a jelenlegi negat\u00edv hat\u00e1sok fennmaradnak. A fajt els\u0151sorban k\u00e9t t\u00e9nyez\u0151 vesz\u00e9lyezteti: az \u00e9l\u0151helyek \u00e1talakul\u00e1sa \u00e9s az illeg\u00e1lis \u00e1llatkereskedelem.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Borne\u00f3 es\u0151erdeinek jelent\u0151s r\u00e9sz\u00e9t mez\u0151gazdas\u00e1gi ter\u00fcletek, f\u0151k\u00e9nt olajp\u00e1lma-\u00fcltetv\u00e9nyek v\u00e1ltj\u00e1k fel. Ez a faj sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa v\u00edzparti \u00e9l\u0151helyek elt\u0171n\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s feldarabol\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1hoz vezethet. B\u00e1r bizonyos m\u00e9rt\u00e9kig k\u00e9pes alkalmazkodni az \u00e1talak\u00edtott k\u00f6rnyezethez, a tiszta viz\u0171 patakok, a v\u00edzparti takar\u00e1s \u00e9s az erdei mikro\u00e9l\u0151helyek elveszt\u00e9se hossz\u00fa t\u00e1von s\u00falyos vesz\u00e9lyt jelent sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A faj helyzet\u00e9nek pontos meg\u00edt\u00e9l\u00e9s\u00e9t nehez\u00edti rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u0151 \u00e9letm\u00f3dja, amely miatt az \u00e1llom\u00e1nyok felm\u00e9r\u00e9se bizonytalanabb, mint sok m\u00e1s, k\u00f6nnyebben megfigyelhet\u0151 \u00e1llat eset\u00e9ben. Ez k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen megnehez\u00edti a hat\u00e9kony term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delmi int\u00e9zked\u00e9sek tervez\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Emellett a faj ritkas\u00e1ga \u00e9s k\u00fcl\u00f6nleges megjelen\u00e9se miatt keresett az egzotikus h\u00fcll\u0151k piac\u00e1n, \u00edgy id\u0151r\u0151l id\u0151re megjelenik az illeg\u00e1lis kereskedelemben, annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy a vadon \u00e9l\u0151 p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyok befog\u00e1sa tilos. A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk esete j\u00f3l mutatja, hogy egy ritka faj ir\u00e1nti \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9s k\u00f6nnyen hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rulhat a vadon \u00e9l\u0151 \u00e1llom\u00e1nyok vesz\u00e9lyeztet\u00e9s\u00e9hez, ha nem p\u00e1rosul megfelel\u0151 tudatoss\u00e1ggal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ez\u00e9rt egzotikus \u00e1llat v\u00e1s\u00e1rl\u00e1sa el\u0151tt mindig \u00e9rdemes t\u00e1j\u00e9koz\u00f3dni a kiszemelt faj term\u00e9szetv\u00e9delmi helyzet\u00e9r\u0151l \u00e9s az adott egyed sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l. Felel\u0151s d\u00f6nt\u00e9s csak akkor hozhat\u00f3, ha tudjuk, honnan sz\u00e1rmazik az \u00e1llat, leg\u00e1lisan ker\u00fclt-e forgalomba, \u00e9s nem vadon befogott p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyr\u00f3l van-e sz\u00f3. Amikor lehets\u00e9ges, mindig a megb\u00edzhat\u00f3 forr\u00e1sb\u00f3l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3, igazoltan fogs\u00e1gban szapor\u00edtott egyedeket \u00e9rdemes el\u0151nyben r\u00e9szes\u00edteni.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f6bb mint egzotikus ritkas\u00e1g<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk a h\u00fcll\u0151vil\u00e1g egyik legizgalmasabb k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9ge. Egyetlen ma \u00e9l\u0151 k\u00e9pvisel\u0151je saj\u00e1t csal\u00e1dj\u00e1nak, \u0151si hat\u00e1s\u00fa megjelen\u00e9se pedig egy r\u00e9gi evol\u00faci\u00f3s t\u00f6rt\u00e9netet id\u00e9z. F\u00e9lig v\u00edzi, \u00e9jszakai, rejt\u0151zk\u00f6d\u0151 \u00e9letm\u00f3dja miatt a term\u00e9szetben nehezen megfigyelhet\u0151, ez\u00e9rt sok\u00e1ig szinte m\u00edtoszszer\u0171 \u00e1llatnak sz\u00e1m\u00edtott a szakemberek k\u00f6r\u00e9ben is. T\u00f6rt\u00e9nete azonban nemcsak a faj k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9g\u00e9r\u0151l, hanem a ritka h\u00fcll\u0151k s\u00e9r\u00fcl\u00e9kenys\u00e9g\u00e9r\u0151l is sz\u00f3l. A borne\u00f3i s\u00fcketgy\u00edk p\u00e9ld\u00e1ja j\u00f3l mutatja, hogy az egzotikus \u00e1llatok ir\u00e1nti \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9s felel\u0151ss\u00e9ggel j\u00e1r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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